在21世纪全球化进程全面加快、跨文化交际日益频繁的大背景下，为进一步提升大学生思辨能力、人文素养和综合素质，培养团队协作和创新精神，营造积极、开放、进取、思辨的学习氛围，展现当代大学生良好的精神风貌，上海大学教务处、上海大学团委、51白菜网首页通道决定联合举办第十八届"外研社杯"全国大学生英语辩论赛上海大学选拔赛。现将有关事宜通知如下：
一、主办单位：上海大学教务处、共青团上海大学委员会
二、承办单位：上海大学51白菜网首页通道、上海大学英语演讲与辩论社
三、比赛时间及地点：
赛前培训：2014年12月5日（周五）
循环赛时间：2014年12月14日（周日）
半决赛时间：2014年12月19日（周五）
决赛时间：2014年12月26日（周五）
四、参赛对象：
1．上海大学在读在册的全日制本科生及研究生，专业、年级不限。
2．口语流利、善于思辨，对英语学习兴趣浓厚。
五、报名时间：2014年11月24日（星期一）～12月3日（星期三）
六、报名方法：
1．校园选拔赛采取"辩手自主报名"的形式，每支队伍由同一学校的2名学生组成，2名学生中的1人完成网络（官方网站（www.chinadebate.org））报名即可；原则上不接受跨学校报名。
2．参赛团队在网站中选择所在高校后，继续完成下一步报名程序，即填写详细准确的报名信息。内容包括：（1）队名（要求：文明、富有朝气、能展现当代大学生风采，控制在10个字符之内，中英文不限），队名将作为该队的唯一有效标识出现在选拔赛对阵表中（2）2 名辩手的姓名、所在院系及年级、手机号、常用邮箱；
3. 请将个人信息，包括：姓名、学号、学院/大类、联系方式、电子邮箱等发送至邮箱：wysb2014@126.com
七、比赛程序：
本次比赛采用单循环淘汰赛规则，将根据报名参赛的队伍分成A-D共4个小组，各队抽签决定所在分组，根据报名队伍数量，经一到三轮循环赛产生8支队伍进入半决赛。在半决赛中，由8支队伍自由抽签。半决赛决出4支队伍进入决赛，经决赛产生冠、亚军。循环赛辩题在赛前1小时由各参赛队代表抽取；半决赛、决赛辩题在前一轮比赛全部结束当晚由各队抽取。
注：主办方将根据具体报名情况酌情调整分组方法。
八、比赛规则：（见附件1）
1．英国议会制，每场4支队伍，每名参赛队员就选定辩题进行3分钟的演讲；
2．辩论队：2人一队，辩手可自行组队，或由组委会随机配对；
3．所有参赛队伍均要求参加赛前培训，具体时间参见相关通知；
4．对阵、辩题和赛场提前一小时公布，请各队派代表到指定地点抽取辩题；
5．若迟到10分钟未提前通知组委会，影响辩论赛的顺利进行，则视为自动弃权；不得进行下一轮比赛。
九、比赛评分标准：（见附件2）
十、奖项设置：
（一）团体奖：
1．辩论赛冠军奖（1队）；
2．辩论赛亚军奖（1队）；
3．辩论赛季军奖（2队）；
4．一等奖（1队）：半决赛中，团体得分排名第五；
5．二等奖（1队）：半决赛中，团体得分排名第六；
6．三等奖（2队）：半决赛中，团体得分排名第七、八。
（二）个人奖：辩论赛最佳辩手奖（1人）：决赛比赛中个人得分最高者。
十一、其他事宜：
1. 将根据报名情况确定是否安排赛前筛选，详情另行通知；
2. 选手若迟到10分钟未提前通知组委会或无故缺席比赛，影响比赛正常进行，则视为自动弃权；不得进行下一轮比赛。
3. 组委会保留大赛解释权。
上海大学教务处、共青团上海大学委员会
上海大学51白菜网首页通道、上海大学英语演讲与辩论社
2014年11月25日
附件1：
比赛规则 (The Debate Format)
本次比赛采用单循环淘汰赛规则，将根据报名参赛的队伍分成A-D共4个小组，每组16支队伍，分4场同时进行比赛，各队抽签决定所在分组，经循环赛三轮产生8支队伍进入半决赛，。
（一） 单循环赛晋级规则：
小组赛：单循环赛，详细如下：
ROUND 1: Top 32 out of 64 teams
第一轮：64进32
Group A (4 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 8 teams)
A组：4场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共8支队伍
Group B (4 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 8 teams)
B组：4场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共8支队伍
Group C (4 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 8 teams)
C组：4场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共8支队伍
Group D (4 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 8 teams)
D组：4场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共8支队伍
ROUND 2: Top 16 out of 32 teams
第二轮：32进16
Group A (2 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 4 teams)
A组：2场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共4支队伍
Group B (2 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 4 teams)
B组：2场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共4支队伍
Group C (2 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 4 teams)
C组：2场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共4支队伍
Group D (2 rounds, Top 1 and Top 2 in each round, totally 4 teams)
D组：2场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共4支队伍
ROUND 3: Top 8 out of 16 teams
第三轮：16进8
Group A (1 round, Top 1 and Top 2, totally 2 teams)
A组：1场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共2支队伍
Group B (1 round, Top 1 and Top 2, totally 2 teams)
B组：1场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共2支队伍
Group C (1 round, Top 1 and Top 2, totally 2 teams)
C组：1场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共2支队伍
Group D (1 round, Top 1 and Top 2, totally 2 teams)
D组：1场，每场排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共2支队伍
NOTE: In the above eliminating round, the team winning the first place in each round falls into the same group and debate with one another while the runner-ups debate with their runner-up counterparts.
备注：在循环赛中，进入下一轮比赛的队伍按照强强相遇的原则进行对阵，即排名第一的队伍对排名第一的队伍、排名第二的队伍对排名第二的队伍。
Semi-Final: Top 4 out of 8 teams
半决赛：8进4
ROUND 1: Top 1 and Top 2, totally 2 teams
第一场：排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共2支队伍
Round 2: Top 1 and Top 2, totally 2 teams
第二场：排名第一、第二者进入下一轮，总共2支队伍
Final: Championship between Top 1 and Top 2 in each round in the Semi-Final, totally 4 teams
决赛：冠军在半决赛各场中排名第一、第二的队伍中间产生。
（二） 辩题：循环赛赛前1小时由各参赛队代表抽取；半决赛、决赛辩题在前一轮比赛全部结束当晚由各队抽取。
（三） 比赛规则为英国议会制(British Parliamentary Style)，循环赛和半决赛及决赛的规则略有不同，并根据实际参赛人数进行相应调整，具体如下：
1. 循环赛
(1) 采取4队制英国议会制辩论形式，即正反方各两队。
Each speaker will present a speech not to exceed 3 minutes in the order prescribed below.
每名辩手按照下列顺序进行3分钟的发言。
(2) Parliamentary Points of Information 提问
Debaters may request a point of information (either verbally or by rising) at any time after the forty-five seconds, and before the last forty-five seconds, of any speech.
The debater holding the floor may accept or refuse points of information. If accepted, the debater making the request has fifteen seconds to make a statement or ask a question. During the point of information, the speaking time of the floor debater continues.
No other parliamentary points such as points of order or points of personal privilege are allowed.
(3) Speaker Roles and Speech Specific Purposes 辩手角色及责任
Each speaker has a role and each speech has a specific purpose. The descriptions of speaker roles and speech purposes listed below are suggestive and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive. For reasons that vary from debate to debate, speakers may sometimes need to fulfill roles not mentioned here and speeches may be constructed to serve other purposes as long as proposition speakers affirm the proposition and opposition speakers oppose it.
All speakers, except the final speakers for the proposition and opposition (government and opposition whips), should introduce new material. All debaters should make rebuttal, except the opening speaker (prime minister).
Summary of Debate Format
|
Speaker
|
Common Titles for Speaker
|
Time
|
|
Opening Proposition, 1st speaker
|
"Prime Minister" or "First Government Member"
|
3 minutes
|
|
Opening Opposition, 1st speaker
|
"Leader of the Opposition" or "First Opposition member"
|
3 minutes
|
|
Opening Proposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Deputy Prime Minister" or "Second Government member"
|
3 minutes
|
|
Opening Opposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Deputy Leader of the Opposition" or "Second Opposition member"
|
3 minutes
|
|
Closing Proposition, 1st speaker
|
"Member for the Government" or "Third Government member"
|
3 minutes
|
|
Closing Opposition, 1st speaker
|
"Member for the Opposition" or "Third Opposition member"
|
3 minutes
|
|
Closing Proposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Government Whip" or "Fourth proposition member"
|
3 minutes
|
|
Closing Opposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Opposition Whip" or "Fourth Opposition member"
|
3 minutes
|
Summary of Speaker Roles and Responsibilities
|
Speaker
|
Role and Responsibility
|
|
"Prime Minister" or "First Government Member"
|
The first speaker's responsibility is to offer a reasonable interpretation of the motion and present a case supporting the interpretation. The primary role of first proposition team, initiated in this speech, is to establish the foundation for meaningful debate on the motion.
|
|
Leader of the Opposition" or "First Opposition member"
|
The first opposition's primary team role is to undermine the first government team's case. This speaker introduces direct and/or indirect refutation to the government's case. The opposition speaker may also challenge the interpretation of the government's case if it is unreasonable, that is, completely inhibits meaningful debate or completely misinterprets the motion the motion.
|
|
"Deputy Prime Minister" or "Second Government member"
|
This speaker should rebut the first opposition team's speech, and further develop the proposition team's case.
|
|
"Deputy Leader of the Opposition" or "Second Opposition member"
|
This speaker supports his or her teammate, answering objections from the other side and introducing positive matter.
|
|
"Member for the Government" or "Third Government member"
|
This speaker should support the case developed by the first proposition team and must also introduce a case extension, a further development of the themes or issues initially established by the first government team. The primary team role is development of extension and government summary, which should be compatible with, but not identical, to that of the first proposition team.
|
|
"Member for the Opposition" or "Third Opposition member"
|
This speaker introduces direct and/or indirect refutation to the second government's case and selectively argues related issues of the first government team. The primary team roles are to answer the second proposition team's extension and effectively summarize the opposition.
|
|
"Government Whip" or "Fourth Government member"
|
This speaker summarizes the extension and makes a reply to each team's position in the debate. The speaker should not introduce positive (new) matter.
|
|
"Opposition Whip" or "Fourth Opposition member"
|
This speaker summarizes opposition to the extension and makes reply to each team's position in the debate. This speaker should not introduce positive (new) matter.
|
2． 半决赛和决赛采取下列形式：
(1) 辩论队与辩题(The Teams and Motions)
The top 8 teams in the first round go naturally to the second round, competing for the first place.
The team supporting the motion in Four-Team Parliamentary Debate is referred to as the "proposition." The team arguing against the motion is known as the "opposition" team.
Ordinarily motions are announced shortly before each debate begins. A different motion will be used for each debate, and will be presented to the debaters at a specified time, usually 25 to 30 minutes prior to the round.
The motion will be announced to all debaters simultaneously. Preparation time will be fifteen to thirty minutes. During this time the debaters may consult any written materials. The only materials allowed for use by the debaters during the actual debate are those notes the debaters themselves have written during the preparation time.
(2) 辩论形式(The Debate Format)
Each debater will present a speech not to exceed 7 minutes in the order prescribed below.
Summary of Debate Format
|
Speaker
|
Common Titles for Speaker
|
Time
|
|
Opening Proposition, 1st speaker
|
"Prime Minister" or "First Government Member"
|
7 minutes
|
|
Opening Opposition, 1st speaker
|
"Leader of the Opposition" or "First Opposition member"
|
7 minutes
|
|
Opening Proposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Deputy Prime Minister" or "Second Government member"
|
7 minutes
|
|
Opening Opposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Deputy Leader of the Opposition" or "Second Opposition member"
|
7 minutes
|
|
Closing Proposition, 1st speaker
|
"Member for the Government" or "Third Government member"
|
7 minutes
|
|
Closing Opposition, 1st speaker
|
"Member for the Opposition" or "Third Opposition member"
|
7 minutes
|
|
Closing Proposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Government Whip" or "Fourth proposition member"
|
7 minutes
|
|
Closing Opposition, 2nd speaker
|
"Opposition Whip" or "Fourth Opposition member"
|
7 minutes
|
(3) 提问(Point of Information, abbreviated to POI)
Debaters may request a point of information (either verbally or by rising) at any time after the first minute, and before the last minute, of any speech.
The debater holding the floor may accept or refuse points of information. If accepted, the debater making the request has fifteen seconds to make a statement or ask a question. During the point of information, the speaking time of the floor debater continues. The debater should take at least one point of information.
No other parliamentary points such as points of order or points of personal privilege are allowed.
(4) 辩手角色与责任(Speaker Roles and Speech Specific Purposes)(the same as the eliminating round)
附件2：
评委及评分细则（Judges and Rules）
Judges must agree to follow these rules and are not allowed to impose any other rules.
Following the debate, the judges confer with one another and come to an agreement on how the teams should be ranked and scored. The teams will be ranked based on the manner and matter of presentations in the debate, including team and speaker role, argumentation, and persuasion.
Verbal adjudication ordinarily is made for each debate by the judge designated as "chair" or by a judge appointed by the chair. Verbal adjudication should explain the winner of the debate and provide any additional advice for teams. Then adjudication should not last more than 5 minutes.
Judges should assign speaker points for each speaker based on the manner and matter presented during the speech on a 50-point scale and both speakers' scores add up to the team's final score. The details go as follows:
A. Matter (25 points) 素材
[1] Matter relates to the issues in debate, the case being presented and the material used to substantiate argumentation and the material used to substantiate argumentation. (5 points)
[2] The issues under debate should be correctly prioritized (by teams) and ordered (by individuals), dealing with the most important/pertinent first.素材应该按照由主到次的顺序提出，将最切题、最重要的素材放在前面。(5 points)
[3] Matter should be logical and well reasoned. 素材要符合逻辑而且合理。(5 points)
[4] Matter should be relevant, both to the issue in contention and the cases being advanced. 素材要与辩题密切相关。(5 points)
[5] Matter should be persuasive. 素材要有说服力。(5 points)
B. Manner (10 points) 辩论风格
[1] Manner refers to the presentation and delivery style of a speaker. Manner 指辩手陈述己方观点的风格。
[2] The following list represents some of the elements which are, or may be, subsumed under Manner. The list is intended as a guide, rather than as a number of marking categories. It is the combination of these elements (rather than the accomplishment of each), in various proportions that contributes to an individual speaker's style. The major influence on an adjudicator must be:
'Is the speaker's Manner EFFECTIVE in advancing the case?'
以下仅是评判辩手风格的一些指导性要素而非全部，评委须综合评判辩手的辩论风格。
a) Vocal Style: Volume, clarity, pronunciation, pace, intonation, fluency, confidence, and authority. 说话方式：音量，清晰度，发音，节奏，语调，流利程度，自信心以及说服力
b) Language: Conversational. 语言：口语化表达
c) Use of notes: Should not distract, should not be read. 提示条的使用：不能照本宣科
d) Eye Contact: With audience. 目光交流
e) Gesture: Natural, appropriate. 手势：自然、恰当
f) Sincerity: Believability. 真诚：要有可信度
g) Personal Attacks: (derogatory comments are not to be tolerated). 不得使用贬低性的言语进行个人攻击。
h) Humor: Effectiveness, appropriateness.幽默感：要有效、适度
C. Method (15 points) 辩论方法
[1] Method refers to the strategy and tactics employed by debaters and the teams they represent。辩论方法指的是辩手及其辩论队所采取的策略和方式。
[2] The following list represents some of the elements which are, or may be, subsumed under Method. The list is intended as a guide, rather than as a number of marking categories. It is the combination of these elements (rather than the accomplishment of each), in various proportions that contributes to an individual speaker's or team's strategy. The major influence on an adjudicator must be: 'Is the speaker's and team's Method EFFECTIVE in advancing the case?'
以下仅是评判辩论方法的一些指导性要素而非必须和全部，评委须综合评判辩论方法。以下这些要素的有效结合可以体现出辩手及其队伍的辩论方法。
a) Organization: The structuring of individual arguments and ordering of collective arguments in
the speeches. 论据组织
b) Issue Selection: The identification of relevant points of clash in the round. 论点选择
c) Perspective: The ability to explain the relevance of individual arguments to the motion being argued. 视角
d) Refutation: The willingness and ability to engage and critique the points offered by the opposing team. 驳斥对方观点
e) Teamwork: The degree to which the members of a team work together to collectively advance a strategy. 团队合作
